The interview process included a total of three technical interviews and one HR interview.
In all three technical interviews, I was presented a (simplification of) a real-world problem related to the core topics of the company, and I was asked to mathematically develop an algorithm offering a solution to the problem. The interviewer asked questions about the solution, which were both helpful to guide me toward a solution as well as checking key points in my intuition and knowledge.
Overall, the process was very pleasant, and one might say it was even fun. The interviewers were all super respectful, helpful, and nice. They have all read my CV prior to the interview, and guided the interview accordingly.